英語角|英語基本語法大全,適合基礎差的學生入門
英語詞性縮寫 n = 名詞,noun的縮寫 u = 不可數名詞,uncountable noun的縮寫 vi = 不及物動詞,intransitive verb的縮寫 aux.v = 助動詞 ,auxiliary verb的縮寫 model verb情態動詞 conj = 連接詞 ,conjunction的縮寫 prep = 介詞;preposition的縮寫 英文基本句式介紹: 五個基本句式可以演變出多種復雜的英語句子。這五個基本句式如下: (說明:S=主語;V=謂語;P=表語;O=賓語;O1=間接賓語;O2=直接賓語;C=補語) S十V 在此句式中,V是不及物動詞,又叫自動詞(vi.)。例如: 他跑得快。 他們聽得很仔細。 他挨凍受餓。 中國屬于第三世界國家。 煤氣用完了。 我的鋼筆水用完了。 S十V十P 在此句式中,V是系動詞(link v.),常見的系動詞有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如: 他比看上去要老。 他似乎對這本書感興趣。 The story sounds interesting. 這個故事聽起來有趣。 書桌摸起來很硬。 餅嘗起來很香。 花聞起來香甜。 你長得比以前高了。 他突然病倒了。 他靜靜地站看。 他長大后當了教師。 他永遠不會背叛他的祖國。 S十V十O 在此句式中,V是及物動詞(vt.),因此有賓語。例如: 我昨天看了一部電影。 你讀過這個故事嗎? 他們很容易找到他們的家。 他們去年建了一所房子。 他們在村里建了一座工廠。 這些孩子他們照看得很好。 你應該好好照看你的孩子。 S十V十O1十O2 在此句式中,V是帶有雙賓語的及物動詞。常見的須帶雙賓語的動詞有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。例如: 他給我一本書。 他帶給我一枝鋼筆。 他把座位讓給我。 注意下邊動詞改寫后介詞的變化: 媽媽給我買了一本書。 他給我弄了一把椅子。 請幫我一下。 他問我個問題。 注意,下邊動詞只有一種說法: 他們搶了老人的錢。 他警告我注意危險。 醫生治好了他的病。 我們必須趕走屋里的老鼠。 他們剝奪了他說話的權利。 S十V十O十C 在此句式中,V是有賓語補足語的及物動詞。常帶賓語補足語的詞有形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞,請看下面的例子。 他們使這個女孩生氣了。 他們發現那天她很高興。 我發現他出去了。 我見他在家。 他們發現沙地上有腳印。 他們給這個男孩起名為查理。 我見他進來又出去。 他們感到汽車行駛得很快。 我剛才聽到玻璃碎了。
c = 可數名詞,countable noun的縮寫
v = 動詞, verb的縮寫
vt = 及物動詞,transitive verb的縮寫
adj. = 形容詞,adjective的縮寫
adv.= 副詞,adverb的縮寫
art. = 冠詞,article的縮寫
pron = 代名詞,pronoun的縮寫
num = 數詞,numeral的縮寫
int. = 感嘆詞,interjection的縮寫
S十V主謂結構
S十V十P主系表結構
S十V十O主謂賓結構
S十V十O1十O2 主謂雙賓結構
S十V十O十C 主謂賓補結構
He runs quickly.
They listened carefully.
He suffered from cold and hunger.
China belongs to the third world country.
The gas has given out.
My ink has run out.
He is older than he looks.
He seen interested in the book.
The desk feels hard.
The cake tastes nice.
The flowers smell sweet and nice.
You have grown taller than before.
He has suddenly fallen ill.
He stood quite still.
He becomes a teacher when he grew up.
He could never turn traitor to his country.
I saw a film yesterday.
Have you read the story?
They found their home easily.
They built a house last year.
They‘ve put up a factory in the village.
They have taken good care of the children.
You should look after your children well.
He gave me a book/a book to me.
He brought me a pen/a pen to me.
He offered me his seat/his seat to me.
Mother bought me a book/a book for me.
He got me a chair/a chair for me.
Please do me a favor/a favor for me.
He asked me a question/a question of me.
They robbed the old man of his money.
He’s warned me of the danger.
The doctor has cured him of his disease.
We must rid the house of the rats.
They deprived him of his right to speak.
They made the girl angry.
They found her happy that day.
I found him out.
I saw him in.
They saw a foot mark in the sand.
They named the boy Charlie.
I saw him come in and go out.
They felt the car moving fast.
I heard the glass broken just now.